The Kidney

NEW USERS :

The online resources for The Kidney, 8th edition, are being hosted at www.expertconsult.com

To activate your access :

Visit www.expertconsult.com
Click on the "Register" button and follow the registration procedure. (NOTE: If you have already registered another title on Expert Consult, you can skip this step).
Enter your PIN code in the "Activation Code" space.

It's that simple!

Be sure to bookmark www.expertconsult.com for all future access to your online content.

The online version of the 7th edition of The Kidney is no longer available.

A new edition of this book has been published.To purchase the new edition from our online bookstore please click here

Author and Contributors

AUTHOR

Barry M.Brenner M.D., A.M. (Hon.), D.Sc. (Hon.), D.M.Sc. (Hon.), M.D. (Hon.), Dipl. (Hon.), F.R.C.P. (Lond., Hon.)
Samuel A. Levine Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Director Emeritus, Renal Division, and Senior Physician, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

CONTRIBUTORS

Zaid A. Abassi Ph.D.
Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israeli Institute of Technology; Principal Investigator, Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Renal Physiology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
Control of Extracellular Fluid Volume and the Pathophysiology of Edema Formation

Sharon Anderson M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon
Renal and Systemic Manifestations of Glomerular Disease

Gerald B. Appel M.D.
Professor of Clinical Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Director of Clinical Nephrology, Presbyterian Hospital Division of the New York - Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
Secondary Glomerular Disease

Raymond Ardaillou M.D.
Emeritus Professor of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris 6 - Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
Biology of Renal Cells in Culture

Allen I. Arieff M.D.
Emeritus Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco; Attending Physician, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
Neurologic Complications of Renal Insufficiency

George R. Aronoff M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
Prescribing Drugs in Renal Disease

John R. Asplin M.D.
Clinical Associate, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine; Medical Director, Litholink Corporation, Chicago, Illinois
Nephrolithiasis

Michael B. Atkins M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Renal Neoplasia

Kamal F. Badr M.D.
Professor and Chair, Department of Medicine, American University of Beirut; Attending Physician, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
Microvascular Diseases of the Kidney

James L. Bailey M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Attending Physician, Grady Memorial Hospital and Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia
Pathophysiology of Uremia

Matthew A. Bailey Ph.D.
Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
Control of Renal Potassium Excretion

Laurent Baud M.D., Ph.D.
Professor of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris 6 - Saint-Antoine; Director, Department of Physiology, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
Biology of Renal Cells in Culture

Michel Baum M.D.
Professor of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
Renal Transport of Glucose, Amino Acids, Sodium, Chloride, and Water

Bradford C. Berk M.D., Ph.D.
Faculty, GEBS Cell Regulation and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry; Physician-in-Chief, Strong Memorial Hospital, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
Biology of the Vascular Wall in Hypertension

Tomas Berl M.D.
Professor of Medicine and Head, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
Pathophysiology of Water Metabolism

Christine A. Berry Ph.D.
Professor Emeritus, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
Renal Transport of Glucose, Amino Acids, Sodium, Chloride, and Water

Daniel G. Bichet M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Director, Clinical Research Unit, Centre de Recherche, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Inherited Disorders of the Renal Tubule

Jon D. Blumenfeld M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Associate Attending Physician in Medicine, Rogosin Institute, New York - Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
Essential Hypertension

Alain Bonnardeaux M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Scientific Director, Centre de Recherche Guy-Bernier, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Inherited Disorders of the Renal Tubule

Hugh Redmond Brady M.D., Ph.D.
Professor of Medicine and Therapeutics, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin; Attending Physician, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Cell-Cell and Cell-Matrix Interactions; Acute Renal Failure

Barry M. Brenner M.D.
Samuel A. Levine Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director Emeritus, Renal Division, and Senior Physician, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
The Renal Circulations; Glomerular Ultrafiltration; Renal and Systemic Manifestations of Glomerular Disease; Adaptation to Nephron Loss

Matthew D. Breyer M.D.
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
Arachidonic Acid Metabolites and the Kidney

Michael E. Brier M.D.
Professor of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Kidney Disease Program, Division of Nephrology, Department of Veterans Affairs, Louisville, Kentucky
Prescribing Drugs in Renal Disease

Dennis Brown Ph.D.
Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Chief, Renal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
The Cell Biology of Vasopressin Action

John M. Burkart M.D.
Professor of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Peritoneal Dialysis

Louise M. Burrell M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
Vasoactive Peptides and the Kidney

Kevin T. Bush Ph.D.
Assistant Project Scientist, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
Developmental Biology of the Kidney

Vito M. Campese M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC; Chief, Division of Nephrology, The Hypertension Center, Los Angeles, California
Hypertension and Renal Disease

Riccardo Candido M.D.
Physician, Department of Medicine and Neurology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Vasoactive Peptides and the Kidney

Charles B. Carpenter M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Senior Physician, Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Transplantation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Transplantation Immunobiology

Anil Chandraker M.D.
Instructor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Renal Transplant Clinics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Transplantation Immunobiology

Ingrid J. Chang M.D.
Fellow, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
Extracorporeal Treatment of Poisoning

Devasmita Choudhury M.D.
Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas; Director of Dialysis, Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
Effect of Aging on Renal Function and Disease

Michael R. Clarkson M.B.
Fellow in Nephrology, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Acute Renal Failure

Fredric L. Coe M.D.
Professor of Medicine and Physiology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine; Director of Kidney Stone Program, University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, Illinois
Nephrolithiasis

Jeffrey J. Connaire M.D.
Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School - Minneapolis; Staff Nephrologist, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
The Kidney and Hypertension in Pregnancy

Mark E. Cooper M.D., Ph.D.
Professor of Medicine, Monash University; Head, Vascular Division, Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
Vasoactive Peptides and the Kidney

Ramzi S. Cotran M.D. (Deceased)
Former Frank B. Mallory Professor of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; Former Chair, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Urinary Tract Infection, Pyelonephritis, and Reflux Nephropathy

John K. Crean Ph.D.
Lecturer, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Cell-Cell and Cell-Matrix Interactions

Pirouz Daeihagh M.D.
Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Peritoneal Dialysis

Vivette D. D'Agati M.D.
Professor of Pathology and Director, Renal Pathology Laboratory, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Attending Physician in Pathology, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York
Secondary Glomerular Disease

Mogamat Razeen Davids M.D.
Associate Professor, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town; Senior Specialist, Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa
Interpretation of Urine Electrolyte and Acid-Base Parameters

Paul E. de Jong M.D., Ph.D.
Professor of Nephrology, University of Groningen; Head, Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Specific Pharmacologic Approaches to Clinical Renoprotection

Dick de Zeeuw M.D., Ph.D.
Professor and Head, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Specific Pharmacologic Approaches to Clinical Renoprotection

Matthew Dollins M.D.
Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine; Attending Physician, University Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana
Intensive Care Nephrology

Thomas D. DuBoseJr.M.D.
Professor and Chair, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Chief of Internal Medicine Service, North Carolina Baptist Hospital, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Acid-Base Disorders

Lance D. Dworkin M.D.
Professor of Medicine and Director, Division of Renal Diseases, Brown University School of Medicine; Director, Division of Renal Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
The Renal Circulations

Ronald J. Falk M.D.
Chief, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, and Professor of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Primary Glomerular Disease

Murray J. Favus M.D.
Professor of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine; Director, Bone Program, University of Chicago Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
Nephrolithiasis

Bernard V. Fishbach M.D.
Clinical Fellow, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
Extracorporeal Treatment of Poisoning

Steven Fishbane M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook; Vice Chairman, Department of Medicine, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York
Erythropoietin Therapy in Renal Disease and Renal Failure

Gerard Friedlander M.D., Ph.D.
Professor of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Xavier Bichat, University of Paris 7; Director, Inserm Unit 426, Paris, France
Biology of Renal Cells in Culture

Gerardo Gamba M.D., Ph.D.
Professor, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Mexico; Department of Nephrology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Mèdicas y Nutriciòn Salvador Zubiràn, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomèdicas, Mexico City, Mexico
Urine Concentration and Dilution

Daniel J. George M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
Renal Neoplasia

Gerhard Giebisch M.D.
Sterling Professor of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
Control of Renal Potassium Excretion

Thomas A. Golper M.D.
Professor of Medicine and Medical Director, Medical Specialties Patient Care Center, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
Extracorporeal Treatment of Poisoning

Esther A. González M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, St. Louis University School of Medicine; Attending Physician, Division of Nephrology, St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
Renal Osteodystrophy

Jared J. Grantham M.D.
University Distinguished Professor, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
Cystic Diseases of the Kidney

Mitchell L. Halperin M.D.
Professor of Medicine, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine; Staff Nephrologist, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Interpretation of Urine Electrolyte and Acid-Base Parameters

L. Lee Hamm M.D.
Professor of Medicine and Chief, Section of Nephrology and Hypertension, Tulane University School of Medicine; Vice Chairman, Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
Renal Acidification Mechanisms

Donna S. Hanes M.D.
Assistant Professor, Division of Nephrology, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Attending Physician, University of Maryland Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
Antihypertensive Drugs

Raymond C. Harris M.D.
Professor of Medicine and Director, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
Arachidonic Acid Metabolites and the Kidney

Matthias A. Hediger Ph.D.
Associate Professor, Harvard Medical School; Director, Membrane Biology Program, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
The Molecular Basis of Solute Transport

William L. Henrich M.D.
Professor of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Chairman, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
Toxic Nephropathy

Jonathan Himmelfarb M.D.
Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont; Director, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine
Hemodialysis

Hedvig Hricak M.D., Ph.D.
Professor of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Chairman, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
Radiologic Assessment of the Kidney

Joseph E. IzzoJr.M.D.
Professor, Department of Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology Division, State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York
Hypertension and Renal Disease

Karin A. Jandeleit-Dahm M.D., Ph.D.
Senior Lecturer, Department of Medicine, Monash University; Physician, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Vasoactive Peptides and the Kidney

J. Charles Jennette M.D.
Professor and Chair, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Primary Glomerular Disease

Eric Jonasch M.D.
Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Texas - Houston Medical School; Attending Physician, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
Renal Neoplasia

Kamel S. Kamel M.D.
Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine; Staff Nephrologist, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Interpretation of Urine Electrolyte and Acid-Base Parameters

Hussein H. Karnib M.D.
Senior Fellow, Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
Microvascular Diseases of the Kidney

Bertram L. Kasiske M.D.
Professor, University of Minnesota Medical School - Minneapolis; Director, Division of Nephrology, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Laboratory Assessment of Kidney Disease: Clearance, Urinalysis, and Kidney Biopsy

Carolyn J. Kelly M.D.
Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla; Associate Chief of Staff, Veterans Affairs San Diego Health Care System, San Diego, California
Tubulointerstitial Diseases

Andrew J. King M.D.
Clinical Professor, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine; Head, Division of Nephrology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California
Donor and Recipient Issues in Renal Transplantation

David K. Klassen M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Attending Physician, University of Maryland Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
Antihypertensive Drugs

Mark A. Knepper M.D., Ph.D.
Chief, Laboratory of Kidney and Electrolyte Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
Urine Concentration and Dilution

Radko Komers M.D., Ph.D.
Research Assistant Professor, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Oregon Health Sciences University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon; Deputy Head, Diabetes Center, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
Renal and Systemic Manifestations of Glomerular Disease

Bruce C. Kone M.D.
Vice Chairman, Department of Medicine, and Director, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Texas - Houston Medical School; Chief of Nephrology, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas
The Metabolic Basis of Solute Transport

Michael A. Kraus M.D.
Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine University Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana
Intensive Care Nephrology

John H. Laragh M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Attending Physician in Medicine, New York–Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
Essential Hypertension

Moshe Levi M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Physiology, and Biophysics and Head, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado
Effect of Aging on Renal Function and Disease

Wilfred Lieberthal M.D.
Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
Acute Renal Failure

Francisco Llach M.D.
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, D.C.
Disorders of the Renal Arteries and Veins

Valerie A. Luyckx M.B., B.Ch.
Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Physician, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Adaptation to Nephron Loss

David A. Maddox Ph.D.
Professor of Internal Medicine, University of South Dakota School of Medicine; Director of Basic Research, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Glomerular Ultrafiltration

Kirsten M. Madsen M.D., Ph.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Transplantation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
Anatomy of the Kidney

Colm C. Magee M.D.
Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Clinical Aspects of Renal Transplantation

Gerhard Malnic M.D.
Professor, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Control of Renal Potassium Excretion

Kevin J. Martin M.B., B.Ch.
Professor of Medicine, St. Louis University School of Medicine; Director, Division of Nephrology, St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
Renal Osteodystrophy

Michael Mauer M.D.
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinic, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Diabetic Nephropathy

Dianne B. McKay M.D.
Assistant Member, Scripps Research Institute; Director of Research, Division of Nephrology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California
Donor and Recipient Issues in Renal Transplantation

Lawrence P. McMahon M.D.
Senior Lecturer, University of Melbourne; Director, Department of Nephrology, Western Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Cardiovascular Aspects of Chronic Kidney Disease

Maya Meux M.D.
Assistant Clinical Professor of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
Radiologic Assessment of the Kidney

Edgar L. Milford M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Transplantation, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Clinical Aspects of Renal Transplantation

Luigi Minetti M.D.
Professor of Nephrology, Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Ranica, Italy
Hematologic Consequences of Renal Failure

William E. Mitch M.D.
Professor and Chair, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, University of Texas Medical School at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
Pathophysiology of Uremia; Nutritional Therapy in Renal Disease

Orson W. Moe M.D.
Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
Renal Transport of Glucose, Amino Acids, Sodium, Chloride, and Water

Bruce A. Molitoris M.D.
Professor of Medicine and Director, Nephrology Division, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
Intensive Care Nephrology

David B. Mount M.D.
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
The Molecular Basis of Solute Transport; Disorders of Potassium Balance

Patrick H. Nachman M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Primary Glomerular Disease

Gerjan Navis M.D.
Professor of Experimental Nephrology and Renal Pharmacology, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Specific Pharmacologic Approaches to Clinical Renoprotection

Eric G. Neilson M.D.
Hugh Jackson Morgan Professor of Medicine and Chair, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Physician-in-Chief, Vanderbilt University Hospital, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
Tubulointerstitial Diseases

Soren Nielsen M.D., Ph.D.
Professor of Cell Biology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Anatomy, Water and Salt Research Center, University of Aarhus, Denmark
The Cell Biology of Vasopressin Action

Sanjay K. Nigam M.D.
Professor, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Nancy Kaehr Chair in Pediatric Research, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
Developmental Biology of the Kidney

Allen R. Nissenson M.D.
Professor of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Director, Dialysis Program, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
Erythropoietin Therapy in Renal Disease and Renal Failure

Mark S. Paller M.D.
Professor of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School - Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota
The Kidney and Hypertension in Pregnancy

Biff F. Palmer M.D.
Professor of Internal Medicine and Director, Nephrology Fellowship Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas
Toxic Nephropathy

Patrick S. Parfrey M.D.
University Research Professor, Health Sciences Center; Staff Nephrologist and Director, Patient Research Centre, Health Care Corporation of St. John's, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
Cardiovascular Aspects of Chronic Kidney Disease

Hans-Henrik Parving M.D.
Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
Diabetic Nephropathy

David L. Perkins M.D.
Associate Professor, Harvard Medical School; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Transplantation Immunobiology

Georgi Pirtskhalaishvili M.D., Ph.D.
Fellow and AFUD Scholar, Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Urinary Tract Obstruction

Martin R. Pollak M.D.
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Clinical Disturbances of Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphate Metabolism

Hamid Rabb M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Physician Director, Kidney Transplant Program, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
Cell-Cell and Cell-Matrix Interactions

Jai Radhakrishnan M.D.
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Program Director, Nephrology Fellowship, New York–Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
Secondary Glomerular Disease

Dominic S. C. Raj M.D.
Assistant Professor, Division of Nephrology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Effect of Aging on Renal Function and Disease

Floyd C. RectorJr.M.D.
Professor Emeritus, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
Renal Transport of Glucose, Amino Acids, Sodium, Chloride, and Water

Gautham Reddy M.D., M.P.H.
Assistant Professor of Radiology and Associate Director of Diagnostic Radiology Residency Program, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
Radiologic Assessment of the Kidney

Giuseppe Remuzzi M.D.
Professor of Nephrology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Negri Bergamo Laboratories, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Bergamo, Italy
Hematologic Consequences of Renal Failure

Eberhard Ritz M.D.
Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, Sektion Nephrologie, Med. Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg, Germany
Diabetic Nephropathy

Michael V. Rocco M.D.
Professor, Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Peritoneal Dialysis

Andreas Rolfs Ph.D.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Harvard Institute of Proteomics, Cambridge, Massachusetts
The Molecular Basis of Solute Transport

Michael F. Romero Ph.D.
Associate Professor, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
The Molecular Basis of Solute Transport

Pierre Ronco M.D., Ph.D.
Professor of Renal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris 6 - Saint-Antoine; Director, Department of Nephrology and Inserm Unit 489, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
Biology of Renal Cells in Culture

Robert H. Rubin M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate Director, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Urinary Tract Infections, Pyelonephritis, and Reflux Nephropathy

Mohamed H. Sayegh M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Research Director, Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Transplantation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Transplantation Immunobiology

Arrigo Schieppati M.D.
Associate Professor of Nephrology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Negri Bergamo Laboratories, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Bergamo, Italy
Hematologic Consequences of Renal Failure

Anton C. Schoolwerth M.D.
Visiting Professor, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover; Visiting Professor, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
Renal Handling of Organic Anions and Cations: Excretion of Uric Acid

Gerald Schulman M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Director, End-Stage Renal Disease Program, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
Hemodialysis

Domenic A. Sica M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine; Chairman, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Hypertension, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia
Renal Handling of Organic Anions and Cations: Excretion of Uric Acid

Saba Silé M.D.
Fellow in Nephrology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
Extracorporeal Treatment of Poisoning

John R. Silkensen M.D.
Assistant Professor, University of Minnesota Medical School - Minneapolis; Staff Nephrologist, Division of Nephrology, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Laboratory Assessment of Kidney Disease: Clearance, Urinalysis, and Kidney Biopsy

Karl L. Skorecki M.D.
Professor, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israeli Institute of Technology; Director, Department of Nephrology and Molecular Medicine, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
Control of Extracellular Fluid Volume and the Pathophysiology of Edema Formation

Eduardo Slatopolsky M.D.
Professor of Medicine and Joseph Friedman Professor of Renal Diseases in Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine; Attending Physician, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
Renal Osteodystrophy

John C. Stivelman M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine; Chief Medical Officer, Northwest Kidney Centers, Seattle, Washington
Erythropoietin Therapy in Renal Disease and Renal Failure

Robert O. Stuart M.D.
Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla; Physician, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
Developmental Biology of the Kidney

Maarten W. Taal M.B., Ch.B.
Consultant Renal Physician, Derby City General Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom
Adaptation to Nephron Loss

Stephen C. Textor M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Divisions of Hypertension and Nephrology, Mayo Medical School; Consultant, Divisions of Hypertension and Nephrology/Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
Renovascular Hypertension and Ischemic Nephropathy

C. Craig Tisher M.D.
Professor, Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Dean, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
Anatomy of the Kidney

Nina E. Tolkoff-Rubin M.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director, Hemodialysis and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Units, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Urinary Tract Infections, Pyelonephritis, and Reflux Nephropathy

Robert D. Toto M.D.
Professor of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
Approach to the Patient with Kidney Disease

Joseph Verbalis M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine; Chief, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, D.C.
Pathophysiology of Water Metabolism

Mackenzie Walser M.D.
Professor of Pharmacology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Attending Physician, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
Nutritional Therapy in Renal Disease

Matthew R. Weir M.D.
Professor of Medicine and Director, Division of Nephrology, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Attending Physician, Renal Division, University of Maryland Medical System, Baltimore, Maryland
Antihypertensive Drugs

Christopher S. Wilcox M.D., Ph.D.
George E. Schreiner Professor of Nephrology and Chief, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C.
Diuretics

Joseph Winaver M.D.
Associate Professor, Faculty of Medicine, and Head, Renal Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Technion, Israeli Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Control of Extracellular Fluid Volume and the Pathophysiology of Edema Formation

Franz Winklhofer M.D.
Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
Cystic Diseases of the Kidney

Alan S. L. Yu M.B., B.Ch.
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
Renal Transport of Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphate; Clinical Disturbances of Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphate Metabolism

Michael Yudd M.D.
Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Medicine, UMDNJ - New Jersey Medical School; Medical Director, Dialysis Unit, Department of Veterans Affairs, New Jersey Health Care System, Newark, New Jersey
Disorders of the Renal Arteries and Veins

Kambiz Zandi-Nejad M.D.
Clinical/Research Fellow in Nephrology, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Disorders of Potassium Balance

Mark L. Zeidel M.D.
Professor of Medicine, Cell Biology, and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Chairman, Department of Medicine, UPMC Health System - University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Login
Email
Password


Register now How to get access